ABSTRACT
Introduction: The outbreak of COVID-19, which started in China in December 2019, has spread around the entire world. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdowns have been implemented in numerous countries around the world. On 23 March 2020, India went into Nation-wide lockdown. Schools, Colleges & Universities were closed nationwide. The disruption in academics, daily routines and isolation had a deeply negative impact on students, making them extremely vulnerable to mental health issues like mood and anxiety disorders and depression. The main aim of this study is toAim: assess the level of anxiety among MBBS students during the COVID-19 lockdown. A cross-sectionalMethodology: online survey was conducted on 632 MBBS Students. A survey invitation through Google Forms was sent to students via WhatsApp & was assured regarding the confidentiality of their responses. Anxiety levels were assessed using Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). Results: Out of 632 Students, 24.07% of students experienced mild to moderate levels of Anxiety, 6.48% of students experienced Marked to Severe Levels of Anxiety and 0.92% of Students experienced Extreme levels of Anxiety. Gender wise nearly 46.54% of female students and 16% of male students experienced different levels of anxiety. Academic Year wise 57.13% 1st MBBS, 7.69% 2nd MBBS, 11.53% Final MBBS Part 1 & 53.56% Final MBBS Part 2 students experienced different levels of anxiety. Gender, Academic Year wereConclusion: significantly associated with anxiety levels. Predominant stressors were online learning & uncertainty related to their academic performance.
ABSTRACT
The growth and development of Helicoverpa armigera was observed in the laboratory by feeding them on different foods viz; leaf, flower and fruit of lady finger, cotton, pigeon pea and chick pea. Based on the food ingested, food digested and food excreted as well as on weight and size of the larvae and the duration of larval period, the fruit of chick pea was found to be the most suitable food for H. armigera development, as the food ingesta and food digesta of the larvae on pigeon pea were more than on the other plants. On the pigeon pea pod the larval growth and development was fast and larval duration was short. Next to the fruit, the larvae preferred the leaf of lady finger and cotton and flower of pigeon pea. The results suggested that the larval growth and development was dependent on the feed i.e. both on the part and the type of the plant.